Material of Carbon Fiber Glasses

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As a lightweight and high-strength material, carbon fiber glasses are loved by many people because of their lightness and good toughness, especially in the field of sports glasses. Let's learn more about carbon fiber materials.
Among glasses made of various materials, carbon fiber glasses are a special kind of glasses. To better understand this kind of glasses, it is necessary to have a detailed understanding of the material from which it is made, which is the carbon fiber that this article will talk about.
Below is a pair of carbon fiber sunglasses with a double bridge, fitted with a single black sun lens.

Carbon fiber refers to high-strength and high-modulus fibers with a carbon content of more than 90%. High temperature resistance ranks first among all chemical fibers. It is made of acrylic fiber and viscose fiber, which is oxidized and carbonized at high temperature. It is an excellent material for manufacturing aerospace and other high-tech equipment.
Carbon fiber is mainly composed of carbon elements. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, heat conduction and corrosion resistance. Orientation has high strength and modulus. Carbon fiber has a low density, so its specific strength and specific modulus are high. The main purpose of carbon fiber is to compound with resin, metal, ceramics and carbon as a reinforcing material to manufacture advanced composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites have the highest specific strength and specific modulus among existing engineering materials. The diameter of carbon fiber is only 5 microns, equivalent to one tenth to one-twelfth of a hair, but its strength is more than four times that of aluminum alloy.
The history of carbon fiber materials.
In 1879, Edison used cellulose fibers such as bamboo, flax or cotton yarn as raw materials to first produce carbon fibers and obtained a patent. However, the mechanical properties of the obtained fibers were very low at that time, and the process could not be industrialized, so it failed to develop.
In the early 1950s, due to the development of cutting-edge technologies such as rockets, aerospace and aviation, new materials with high specific strength, high specific modulus and high temperature resistance were urgently needed. Filament, this process laid the foundation for the industrialization of carbon fiber. For more than 40 years, carbon fiber has undergone major technological advancements.
In the early 1950s, the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in the United States used viscose fiber as raw material to successfully trial-produce carbon fiber. The product was used as ablation material for rocket nozzles and nose cones, and the effect was very good. In 1956, Union Carbide Corporation of the United States successfully trial-produced high-modulus viscose-based carbon fibers, and the trade name "Thornel-25" was put on the market. At the same time, it developed the technology of stress graphitization to improve the strength and modulus of carbon fibers.
In the early 1960s, Akio Shindo of Japan invented a method of producing carbon fibers from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and obtained a patent. In 1963, Nippon Carbon Corporation and Tokai Electrode Corporation developed polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers using Shinto's patents. In 1965, Nippon Carbon Corporation succeeded in the industrial production of ordinary polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers. In 1964, the British Royal Aeronautical Research Center (RAE) trial-produced high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers by adding tension during pre-oxidation. It is industrially produced by Courtaulds, Hercules and Rolls-Royce using RAE's technology.
In 1969, Nippon Carbon Corporation successfully developed high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers. In 1970, Japan's Toray Textile Inc. relied on advanced polyacrylonitrile precursor technology and exchanged carbonization technology with United Carbide Corporation to develop high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers. In 1971, Toray Corporation put high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber products (Torayca) on the market. Subsequently, the performance, variety and output of the products continued to develop, and it is still in the leading position in the world. Since then, Japan's Toho, Asahi Kasei, Mitsubishi Rayon and Sumitomo have successively invested in the production of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers. (see polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber)
In 1970, Japan Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. adopted the patent of Otani Sugiro, and first built a production plant with an annual output of 120 tons of ordinary (GPCF) pitch-based carbon fibers. In 1978, the output increased to 240 tons. After the product was used as a cement reinforcement material, the effect was found to be very good. In 1984, the output increased to 400 tons, and in 1986 it increased again to 900 tons. In 1976, United Carbide successfully produced high-performance mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber (HPCF), with an annual output of 113t, which increased to 230t in 1982 and 311t in 1985.
Since 1982, Japan's Toray, Toho, Nippon Carbon, American Hercules, Celanese, and British Courtaulds have successively produced high-strength, ultra-high-strength, high-modulus, ultra-high-modulus, high-strength medium-mode and high-strength high-modulus And other types of high-performance products, the tensile strength of carbon fiber is increased from 3.5GPa to 5.5GPa, and small-scale products reach 7.0GPa. The modulus has been increased from 230GPa to 600GPa, which is a major breakthrough in carbon fiber technology and brings application development into a new high-level stage.
Since 1981, major progress has been made in asphalt science, and several new processes for modulating mesophase asphalt have been developed, such as the pre-mesophase method of Kyushu Industrial Laboratory in Japan, the new mesophase method of EXXON Corporation in the United States, and the potential mesophase method developed by Gunma University in Japan. The phase method has promoted the development of high-performance pitch-based carbon fibers. Subsequently, Japan's Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Osaka Gas Corporation, and Nippon Steel Corporation successively built a number of high-performance carbon fiber production plants of different specifications. It is characterized by increased modulus and increased strength. The 1980s was a booming period for pitch-based carbon fibers.
Viscose-based carbon fiber has not been developed since the mid-1960s, and only a small amount of products are produced for military and special departments.
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